CSEP vs GEP: which Irish visa is right for you?
The two main Irish work permits. The Critical Skills permit targets high-demand, higher-paid roles with a fast route to residence and family reunification; the General permit is broader but slower.
Side-by-side comparison
| Feature | Critical Skills Employment Permit (CSEP) | General Employment Permit (GEP) |
|---|---|---|
| Type | Temporary (fast-track to residence) | Temporary |
| Who it's for | Highly skilled workers with a job offer in an in-demand occupation such as ICT, engineering or healthcare. | Workers with a job offer across most occupations not on the ineligible list, where the role meets salary rules. |
| Government cost | ~€1,000 (90% refunded if refused) | ~€500 (up to 6 months) / €1,000 (up to 24 months) |
| Processing time | ~4-8 weeks (current processing dates published by DETE) | ~4-8 weeks (current processing dates published by DETE) |
| Length of stay | 2 years (then Stamp 4 without a further permit) | Up to 2 years, renewable |
| Where to apply | Online via DETE Employment Permits Online System (EPOS) | Online via DETE Employment Permits Online System (EPOS) |
| Work rights | Work for the named employer in the named role | Work for the named employer in the named role |
| Pathway to PR | After 2 years you move to Stamp 4 and can apply for long term residence and citizenship. | After 5 years of permits you can apply for Stamp 4 long term residence. |
Which is right for you?
Critical Skills Employment Permit (CSEP)
Highly skilled workers with a job offer in an in-demand occupation such as ICT, engineering or healthcare.
Full CSEP guide →General Employment Permit (GEP)
Workers with a job offer across most occupations not on the ineligible list, where the role meets salary rules.
Full GEP guide →Frequently asked questions
Which is cheaper, CSEP or GEP?
On indicative 2025-26 government costs, General Employment Permit (GEP) is the lowest at ~€500 (up to 6 months) / €1,000 (up to 24 months). Government fees change periodically - confirm before applying.
Which is processed faster, CSEP or GEP?
Indicatively Critical Skills Employment Permit (CSEP) is the quickest at ~4-8 weeks (current processing dates published by DETE). Actual timeframes depend on caseload and how complete your application is.
What's the main difference between CSEP and GEP?
Critical Skills Employment Permit (CSEP) is for highly skilled workers with a job offer in an in-demand occupation such as ICT, engineering or healthcare. General Employment Permit (GEP) is for workers with a job offer across most occupations not on the ineligible list, where the role meets salary rules.